ancient texts with
Ambiguous facts from the Bible, about which today archeologists and religious scholars argue
Perhaps there is no other such book in the world in which so many contradictions are found as in the Bible. There are constantly heated debates between atheists, archeologists and religious scholars, and the main one is whether the Book of Books can be regarded as a reliable historical source.
1. Gummy in the mask of mummies
In one of the ancient Egyptian tombs a unique find was made – in the burial mask of the pharaoh they found a fragment of the oldest known Gospel. Scientists believe that this text dates from the I century of our era. The content of the text archaeologists do not disclose. It is only known that the burial mask was made of flax with the addition of glue and paint. Inside the mask were found and other documents – personal and business letters of the deceased. It was they (and also the hydrocarbon analysis) that made it possible to determine the exact age of the burial and papyrus.
It is believed that all the books written under the general title “Gospel” were written several decades after the earthly life of Jesus. Today, the oldest copy of the Gospel texts dates from the II-III centuries. Continue reading
Plumbing, civil rights and technology: What the world lost when the Greeks conquered Troy, and the arias – the Dravidians
The legends of dark times in Europe and Asia are full of enthusiasm for the lost civilizations, developed so high that the listeners of these legends could hardly believe. Much later, with scientific progress, Europeans began to relate to these traditions with increasing skepticism: it is clear that the world is developing from simple technologies to complex ones, where can complex technologies come from simple ones? With the development of archeology, mankind again had to believe in lost civilizations. At least, in comparison with the narrators of the legends, they were very realistic. No Atlantis and aliens – the creations of the human mind and hands.
During the end of the Bronze Age, something happened that could be called the Apocalypse – at least for several developed cultures at once. Natural disasters and economic crises began to shake them, and the final blow struck the raids of much less developed nations. For a long four centuries, barbarism reigned in the lands where before that people used baths, studied science, composed poems and traded with cities on the other side of the seas. Continue reading
What did the ancient Roman city of Herculaneum look like, buried under the lava of Vesuvius?
Herculaneum is one of the three cities that fell victim to the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 year. The ruthlessness of nature, which destroyed the inhabitants and their homes, impresses everyone who is familiar with the history of these cities, but the irony of fate is such that it is thanks to this monstrous cataclysm and the speed with which it hit Herculaneum, the world after almost two thousand years can look into this city as if it existed today.
Herculaneum was located on the shores of the Gulf of Naples. It was – because the eruption changed the geography of these places, literally “pushing” the sea from the city. The number of local residents at the time of the disaster numbered several thousand.
On the day of the eruption, August 24, 79, when the main attack of Vesuvius sent to Pompeii and Stabiae – cities that were buried in a matter of minutes under volcanic ash, residents of Herculaneum, where the amount of ash fell was small, left their homes and headed towards the hangars near Sea, where they hoped to wait out the impact of the elements. Continue reading